For yachts, an inflatable lifejacket of 150 newtons or more with a built-in harness is the usual choice. Dinghy sailors near help often wear a foam buoyancy aid, which allows freedom of movement but will not turn an unconscious person face up.
Lifejackets are rated by their buoyancy in newtons (N). The higher the number, the more they float you, and the more likely they are to turn a person face up in the water.
- Buoyancy aids (around 50 N) are foam vests used for dinghy sailing, kayaking and other sports close to help. They are comfortable and allow full movement, and they do not get in the way when you capsize and climb back aboard. But they will not turn an unconscious person onto their back, so they are only suitable where help is close by.
- Lifejackets of 150 N are the usual choice for yacht sailing in harbours and along the coast. They are designed to turn most people face up and keep their mouth and nose clear of the water.
- Lifejackets of 275 N are for offshore sailing or heavy clothing and gear, where extra buoyancy is needed to lift the wearer high in rough water.
Most yacht crews wear inflatable lifejackets. They are slim and light until they inflate, so they can be worn all day. They come as automatic, which inflate when the sensor gets wet, or manual, inflated by pulling a toggle. Automatic is the better choice for most sailors, because someone who hits their head or is knocked unconscious can't pull a toggle. Inflatables are generally not recommended for children, and a foam lifejacket of the right size is the better choice for them.
Useful features for sailing:
- A built-in harness with a D-ring for a tether.
- Crotch or thigh straps, so it cannot ride up.
- A spray hood, to keep breaking water off the face.
- A light, a whistle and reflective tape, so you can be found, especially at night.
Whatever type you choose, it should be the right size, fitted properly and worn. Check the gas cylinder and firing head regularly and service it as the maker recommends.
More in the book: Chapter 11, Safety on board